N Level 2003
Questions:
1a. Study Source A
What does this source tell you about UN peacekeeping? Explain your answer.
1b. Study Source B
Does this source prove that UN peacekeeping is a success? Explain your answer.
What does this source tell you about UN peacekeeping? Explain your answer.
1b. Study Source B
Does this source prove that UN peacekeeping is a success? Explain your answer.
1c. Study source C and D. How similar are these two sources? Explain your answer.
1d. Study Source E
What is the message of this cartoon? Explain your answer.
What is the message of this cartoon? Explain your answer.
Issue: How effective has the United Nations been in carrying out its peacekeeping role?
Background Ground Information
One of the main tasks of the United Nations is to preserve world peace. The UN sends peacekeeping forces to places where armed conflict has broken out. The soldiers in these forces come from armies of the UN member countries. The peacekeeping forces keep the parties involved in the conflict apart, and prevent them fighting. The peacekeepers must not take sides in the conflict. The UN has sent peacekeeping forces to many troubled areas, and has had successes as well as failures.
Source A: From a speech in February 1999 by Kofi Annan, UN Secretary – General, on the “Future of United Nations Peacekeeping.” UN Peacekeeping forces were sent to Angola in Africa in the early 1990s.
We must avoid the mistakes of the past. We must never again send a UN peacekeeping force when the fighting parties themselves don’t want peace. In Angola, civil war has broken out again, and now I have to recommend the withdrawal of the UN force.
We must avoid the mistakes of the past. We must never again send a UN peacekeeping force when the fighting parties themselves don’t want peace. In Angola, civil war has broken out again, and now I have to recommend the withdrawal of the UN force.
Source B: In 1993, the people of Eritrea voted for independence from Ethiopia. The UN supervised the vote. This photo shows a group of Eritrean people after the vote.
Source C From a report written in 2000 by a committee of experts appointed by the Secretary General of the UN.
The UN was formed to save the world from war. However, over the last decade, it has often failed to meet this challenge. Member countries must hive the UN sincere support and increase the amount of money they contribute to it. Without these, the UN will not be able to carry out its peacekeeping tasks.
The UN was formed to save the world from war. However, over the last decade, it has often failed to meet this challenge. Member countries must hive the UN sincere support and increase the amount of money they contribute to it. Without these, the UN will not be able to carry out its peacekeeping tasks.
Source D: From a book written in 1995 by a former United Kingdom representative
The UN has a lot of experience and expertise in peacekeeping operations. For peacekeeping to be successful, certain conditions must be present. First, the parties must want to stop fighting and settle their disputes. Second, they must accept the peacekeeping role of the UN. Third, the UN member countries must give enough financial and military support. When all these conditions are met, the UN can achieve remarkable successes, as in African countries, like Zaire and Mozambique.
The UN has a lot of experience and expertise in peacekeeping operations. For peacekeeping to be successful, certain conditions must be present. First, the parties must want to stop fighting and settle their disputes. Second, they must accept the peacekeeping role of the UN. Third, the UN member countries must give enough financial and military support. When all these conditions are met, the UN can achieve remarkable successes, as in African countries, like Zaire and Mozambique.
Source E: A cartoon about UN peacekeeping from an American newspaper. In the background is the logo of the UN.
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